Thyroid disorders in India

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Thyroid disorders in India

 

Thyroid diseases are common worldwide. In India too, there is a significant burden of thyroid diseases. According to a projection from various studies on thyroid disease, it has been estimated that about 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid diseases. This review will focus on the epidemiology of five common thyroid diseases in India: (1) hypothyroidism, (2) hyperthyroidism, (3) goiter and iodine deficiency disorders, (4) Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and (5) thyroid cancer. This review will also briefly cover the exciting work that is in progress to ascertain the normal reference range of thyroid hormones in India, especially in pregnancy and children.

Thyroid diseases are, arguably, among the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide. India too, is no exception. According to a projection from various studies on thyroid disease, it has been estimated that about 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid diseases.[1] Thyroid diseases are different from other diseases in terms of their ease of diagnosis, accessibility of medical treatment, and the relative visibility that even a small swelling of the thyroid offers to the treating physician. Early diagnosis and treatment remain the cornerstone of management.

This article will focus on five selected thyroid diseases (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, goiter/iodine deficiency disorders, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and thyroid cancer) and will offer an insight into studies on their prevalence. This review will also briefly cover the exciting work that is in progress to ascertain the normal reference range of thyroid hormones in India, especially in pregnancy and children. Rather than being an exhaustive, in-depth review, this article will discuss selected studies from across the country and the implications and perspectives these studies bring forth, from an Indian context.

Aims and scope

JTDT is an online journal that aims to present the newest knowledge related to thyroid hormones, thyroid diseases and any related fields. JTDT encompasses a wide range of thyroidology topics including, diagnosis, pharmacological and other treatment methods, invasive treatment, physiological mechanisms of thyroid hormone action and regulation, immunological aspects, genetics.

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Denise Williams
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Journal of Thyroid Disorders & Therapy
Email: thyroid@endocrinologyjournals.com