Genotyping is the process of determining differences in an individual's genetic makeup by examining the individual's DNA sequence and comparing it to the sequence of another individual using biological assays or a reference pattern. It uncovers the sets of genes that an individual inherited from their parents. Current techniques used for genotyping existing practises of genotyping include restriction fragment length polymorphism identification (RFLPI) of genomic DNA, random amplified polymorphic detection (RAPD) of genomic DNA, amplified fragment polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) probes, and hybridization to DNA microarrays or beads, all methods for detecting polymorphisms. Genotyping is important in the study of genes and gene variants linked to disease. Almost all genotyping is partial due to current technological limitations. When using (epi) GBS (genotyping by sequencing) or RADseq, only a small portion of an individual's genotype is determined. Genotyping is used to describe a wide range of individuals, including microorganisms. In the medical field, genotyping is used to identify and control the spread of tuberculosis (TB). Originally, genotyping was only used to confirm tuberculosis outbreaks; however, with the advancement of genotyping technology, it is now capable of much more. Due to various advances in genotyping technology, it was discovered that many tuberculosis cases, including those involving infected individuals living in the same household, were not actually linked. In order to better understand transmission dynamics, universal genotyping was developed. The use of universal genotyping revealed complex transmission dynamics based on socio-epidemiological factors. With the addition of whole genome sequencing (WGS), TB strains could be identified and placed in a chronological cluster map. These cluster maps depict the origin of cases as well as the time they arose. This provides a much clearer picture of transmission dynamics and allows for better transmission control and prevention. All of these different types of genotyping are used in tandem to detect tuberculosis, prevent its spread, and track the source of infections. This has contributed to a decrease in the number of TB cases.