Lung cancer - Symptoms and causes

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Lung cancer - Symptoms and causes

Journal of Cancer Research and Immuno-Oncology is an open access rapid peer reviewed journal in the field of cancer research. It is a bimonthly journal.  Below we discuss about Lung cancer - Symptoms and causes.

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. Your lungs are two spongy organs in your chest that take in oxygen when you inhale and release carbon dioxide when you exhale.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide.

People who smoke have the greatest risk of lung cancer, though lung cancer can also occur in people who have never smoked. The risk of lung cancer increases with the length of time and number of cigarettes you've smoked. If you quit smoking, even after smoking for many years, you can significantly reduce your chances of developing lung cancer.

Symptoms

Lung cancer typically doesn't cause signs and symptoms in its earliest stages. Signs and symptoms of lung cancer typically occur when the disease is advanced.

Signs and symptoms of lung cancer may include:

  • A new cough that doesn't go away
  • Coughing up blood, even a small amount
  • Shortness of breath
  • Chest pain
  • Hoarseness
  • Losing weight without trying
  • Bone pain
  • Headache

Types of lung cancer

Doctors divide lung cancer into two major types based on the appearance of lung cancer cells under the microscope. Your doctor makes treatment decisions based on which major type of lung cancer you have.

The two general types of lung cancer include:

  • Small cell lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer occurs almost exclusively in heavy smokers and is less common than non-small cell lung cancer.
  • Non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is an umbrella term for several types of lung cancers. Non-small cell lung cancers include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma.

Risk factors

A number of factors may increase your risk of lung cancer. Some risk factors can be controlled, for instance, by quitting smoking. And other factors can't be controlled, such as your family history.

Risk factors for lung cancer include:

  • Smoking. 
  •  Exposure to secondhand smoke. 
  •  Previous radiation therapy. 
  • Exposure to radon gas. 
  •  Exposure to asbestos and other carcinogens. 
  •  Family history of lung cancer. 

 Complications

Lung cancer can cause complications, such as:

  • Shortness of breath. 
  •  Coughing up blood. 
  •  Pain. 
  • Fluid in the chest (pleural effusion). 
  • Cancer that spreads to other parts of the body (metastasis). 

 Prevention

There's no sure way to prevent lung cancer, but you can reduce your risk if you:

  • Don't smoke. 
  •  Stop smoking. 
  •  Avoid secondhand smoke. 
  •  Test your home for radon. 
  •  Avoid carcinogens at work. 
  •  Eat a diet full of fruits and vegetables. 
  •  Exercise most days of the week. 

Journal of cancer research and immune-oncology announces papers for the upcoming issue. Interested can submit their manuscript through online portal

Submit manuscript at https://www.longdom.org/submissions/cancer-research-immuno-oncology.htmll or send as an e-mail attachment to the Editorial Office at cancerresearch@clinicalres.org

Media contact:

Maegan Smith

Managing Editor

Journal of Cancer Research and Immuno-Oncology

Mail ID: cancerresearch@clinicalres.org       

Whatsapp no: + 1-504-608-2390