Azurin is a thin, periplasmic, blue copper protein found in the bacteria Pseudomonas, Bordetella, or Alcaligenes. Azurin enhances single-electron transmission between cytochrome-associated enzymes by oxidation-reduction between Cu(I) and Cu(II), azurine tetramer's monomer has a molecular weight of about 14kDa, contains a single copper atom, is intensively blue and has a fluorescent emission band centered at 308 nm

Azurin is a protein of the tetrameric type. Each monomer weighs around 14kDa and consists of 128 amino acids which form eight beta-strands arranged in a beta-barrel shape. The strands are bound by a single alpha-helical insertion and turns. Around 7A below the surface of each monomer to its northern end is a single-atom copper binding site

Cancer is one of the most principle cause of death in the world. Several different, potent and effective drugs against cancer are developed due to quick evolution in the field of medicine and pharmacology. Bacterial proteins are important and modern type of anticancer drugs. There are many other bacterial products discovered until now, among which anticancer activity has been shown such as Azurin and ETA

Azurin the single copper protein is a simple redox protein that is derived from different bacterial strains of Pseudomonas and Alcaligenes and facilitates denitrification metabolism. X-ray crystallographic 3D structures of this protein derived from bacteria has been established and the structure around the copper site has been developed. A special domain of azurin “Azu 50-77 or p28” consisted of 28 amino acids was recognized to be the most preferable entry domain. In tumor cells, it functions as a dominant protein transduction domain (PTD)

However, this protein is an important transcription factor and may function as a sequence-specific transcription regulator for many pro-apoptotic genes, namely bax (BCL2 associated X) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 gene (p21). These genes produce Bax protein associated with apoptosis and protein 21 associated with growth arrest as well as hindrance to the cell cycle

The PCR product eluted was ligated with TA cloning vector pTG19-T (25ng/ µl) and left for overnight incubation between 16- 22°C. The ligation mixture was used to transform competent cells by using heat shock method. White colonies were selected and inoculated in 10 ml LB broth and kept overnight at 37o C in shaking incubator for plasmid preparation. As a potential treatment, Azurin has received considerable attention for numerous diseases, including cancer. In vivo, it has been shown that human melanoma and breast cancer tissue are regressive with limited toxic effects on the organism

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